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2004年04月


< include PHP4安装札记 >

1. 安装MySql4, 并建立一个用户phpbbs,用户名root密码为空.

2. 从http://www.cnphpbb.com下载phpBB205.rar,682K.

3. 在wwwroot下建立bbs目录.

4. 把phpBB205.rar中所有文件释放到bbs目录下.

5. 启动Apache,在IE地址栏中输入http://localhost/bbs/,将出一个安装界面,按要求输入,确定完成,再看MySql数据库phpbbs中,将出现许多表(安装程序自动建立).

6. 安装完成.

问题: 安装一切正常,没报错,但唯有登录时报404错误,退出时也一样,但手工回到http://localhost/bbs/时,却发现登录或退出都成功了,该问题正在实践中.

 




1. 从www.php.net 下载PHP的安装包,我下载的版本为4.3.6,大约7M多.

2. 把安装包中所有文件释放到c:\php目录下.

3. 把php4ts.dll和dlls文件夹下所有dll文件拷贝到system32目录下.

4. 安装Apache1.3.29

5. 建立c:\wwwroot文件夹

6. 修改Apahce的配置文件httpd.conf,加入如下两句
    LoadModule php4_module c:/php/sapi/php4apache.dll
    AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .phtml
    并把Apache的根目录设为c:\wwwroot,即    DocumentRoot "C:/wwwroot"
    并把index.php设为默认页,即   DirectoryIndex index.html index.php

7. 测试:在c:\wwwroot下建立一个文件holen.php,内容如下:
          echo "Hello!";
    ?> 
    启动Apache,Apache控制台将显示: Apache/1.3.29 (Win32) PHP/4.3.6 running...
    打开IE,输入http://localhost/holen.php,若出现 Hello!
    则说明安装成功.




在开发Tomcat应用时,难免有各种错误,但错误不能在发布时显示,需要采取措施屏蔽。
在WEB-INF目录下web.xml中加入如下代码,即可实现常见出错屏蔽。
---------------------------
<ERROR-PAGE><ERROR-CODE>404</ERROR-CODE><LOCATION>/error/error404.jsp</LOCATION></ERROR-PAGE>
<ERROR-PAGE><ERROR-CODE>400</ERROR-CODE><LOCATION>/error/error400.jsp</LOCATION></ERROR-PAGE>
<ERROR-PAGE><ERROR-CODE>500</ERROR-CODE><LOCATION>/error/error500.jsp</LOCATION></ERROR-PAGE>
<ERROR-PAGE><ERROR-CODE>503</ERROR-CODE><LOCATION>/error/error503.jsp</LOCATION></ERROR-PAGE>
<ERROR-PAGE><EXCEPTION-TYPE>java.lang.Exception</EXCEPTION-TYPE><LOCATION>/error/error500.jsp</LOCATION></ERROR-PAGE>
<ERROR-PAGE><EXCEPTION-TYPE>java.lang.NullPointerException</EXCEPTION-TYPE><LOCATION>/error/nullpointer.jsp</LOCATION></ERROR-PAGE>
<ERROR-PAGE><EXCEPTION-TYPE>java.lang.ClassNotFoundException</EXCEPTION-TYPE><LOCATION>/error/classnotfound.jsp</LOCATION></ERROR-PAGE>
<ERROR-PAGE><EXCEPTION-TYPE>java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError</EXCEPTION-TYPE><LOCATION>/error/classnotfound.jsp</LOCATION></ERROR-PAGE>



首先在Tomcat的web-inf下的web.xml文件中加入如下内容:

<listener>
        <listener-class>com.jalor.session.SessionListener</listener-class>
</listener>

即注册一个监听器。

SessionListener.java具体内容如下:

---------------------

package com.holen.session;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionListener;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionEvent;
import com.holen.util.Logger;


public class SessionListener implements HttpSessionListener
{
    private Log log=Logger.getLog(SessionListener.class);
    public void sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent event)
    {

        log.info("一个新用户光临系统。他的sessionid="+event.getSession().getId());
    }

    public void sessionDestroyed(HttpSessionEvent event)
    {
        log.info("session:"+event.getSession().isNew());
        log.info("sessionid为"+event.getSession().getId()+"退出系统。");
    }

}




系统设计时,一般把异常拿出来,建立一个专门的包。

可以按功能或模块定义异常,在编程中一般不要使用系统自带的异常,那样不便于扩充,建立自定义异常。

例如:

package com.holen.exception;

public class FawenException  extends Exception
{
    public FawenException()
    {
        super();
    }

    public FawenException(String s)
    {
        super(s);
    }
}




/*----------------------------------------------------|

| dTree 2.05 | www.destroydrop.com/javascript/tree/ |

|------------------------------------------------------|

|-----------------------------------------------------*/

 

// Node object

function Node(id, pid, name, url, title, target, icon, iconOpen, open) {

 this.id = id;

 this.pid = pid;

 this.name = name;

 this.url = url;

 this.title = title;

 this.target = target;

 this.icon = icon;

 this.iconOpen = iconOpen;

 this._io = open || false;

 this._is = false;

 this._ls = false;

 this._hc = false;

 this._ai = 0;

 this._p;

};

 

// Tree object

function dTree(objName) {

 this.config = {

  target     : null,

  folderLinks   : true,

  useSelection  : true,

  useCookies   : true,

  useLines    : true,

  useIcons    : true,

  useStatusText  : false,

  closeSameLevel : false,

  inOrder     : false

 }

 this.icon = {

  root    : 'img/base.gif',

  folder   : 'img/folder.gif',

  folderOpen : 'img/folderopen.gif',

  node    : 'img/page.gif',

  empty    : 'img/empty.gif',

  line    : 'img/line.gif',

  join    : 'img/join.gif',

  joinBottom : 'img/joinbottom.gif',

  plus    : 'img/plus.gif',

  plusBottom : 'img/plusbottom.gif',

  minus    : 'img/minus.gif',

  minusBottom : 'img/minusbottom.gif',

  nlPlus   : 'img/nolines_plus.gif',

  nlMinus   : 'img/nolines_minus.gif'

 };

 this.obj = objName;

 this.aNodes = [];

 this.aIndent = [];

 this.root = new Node(-1);

 this.selectedNode = null;

 this.selectedFound = false;

 this.completed = false;

};

 

// Adds a new node to the node array

dTree.prototype.add = function(id, pid, name, url, title, target, icon, iconOpen, open) {

 this.aNodes[this.aNodes.length] = new Node(id, pid, name, url, title, target, icon, iconOpen, open);

};

 

// Open/close all nodes

dTree.prototype.openAll = function() {

 this.oAll(true);

};

dTree.prototype.closeAll = function() {

 this.oAll(false);

};

 

// Outputs the tree to the page

dTree.prototype.toString = function() {

 var str = '<div class="dtree">\n';

 if (document.getElementById) {

  if (this.config.useCookies) this.selectedNode = this.getSelected();

  str += this.addNode(this.root);

 } else str += 'Browser not supported.';

 str += '</div>';

 if (!this.selectedFound) this.selectedNode = null;

 this.completed = true;

 return str;

};

 

// Creates the tree structure

dTree.prototype.addNode = function(pNode) {

 var str = '';

 var n=0;

 if (this.config.inOrder) n = pNode._ai;

 for (n; n<this.aNodes.length; n++) {

  if (this.aNodes[n].pid == pNode.id) {

   var cn = this.aNodes[n];

   cn._p = pNode;

   cn._ai = n;

   this.setCS(cn);

   if (!cn.target && this.config.target) cn.target = this.config.target;

   if (cn._hc && !cn._io && this.config.useCookies) cn._io = this.isOpen(cn.id);

   if (!this.config.folderLinks && cn._hc) cn.url = null;

   if (this.config.useSelection && cn.id == this.selectedNode && !this.selectedFound) {

     cn._is = true;

     this.selectedNode = n;

     this.selectedFound = true;

   }

   str += this.node(cn, n);

   if (cn._ls) break;

  }

 }

 return str;

};

 

// Creates the node icon, url and text

dTree.prototype.node = function(node, nodeId) {

 var str = '<div class="dTreeNode">' + this.indent(node, nodeId);

 if (this.config.useIcons) {

  if (!node.icon) node.icon = (this.root.id == node.pid) ? this.icon.root : ((node._hc) ? this.icon.folder : this.icon.node);

  if (!node.iconOpen) node.iconOpen = (node._hc) ? this.icon.folderOpen : this.icon.node;

  if (this.root.id == node.pid) {

   node.icon = this.icon.root;

   node.iconOpen = this.icon.root;

  }

  str += '<img id="i' + this.obj + nodeId + '" src="' + ((node._io) ? node.iconOpen : node.icon) + '" alt="" />';

 }

 if (node.url) {

  str += '<a id="s' + this.obj + nodeId + '" class="' + ((this.config.useSelection) ? ((node._is ? 'nodeSel' : 'node')) : 'node') + '" href="' + node.url + '"';

  if (node.title) str += ' title="' + node.title + '"';

  if (node.target) str += ' target="' + node.target + '"';

  if (this.config.useStatusText) str += ' onmouseover="window.status=\'' + node.name + '\';return true;" onmouseout="window.status=\'\';return true;" ';

  if (this.config.useSelection && ((node._hc && this.config.folderLinks) || !node._hc))

   str += ' onclick="javascript: ' + this.obj + '.s(' + nodeId + ');"';

  str += '>';

 }

 else if ((!this.config.folderLinks || !node.url) && node._hc && node.pid != this.root.id)

  str += '<a href="javascript: ' + this.obj + '.o(' + nodeId + ');" class="node">';

 str += node.name;

 if (node.url || ((!this.config.folderLinks || !node.url) && node._hc)) str += '</a>';

 str += '</div>';

 if (node._hc) {

  str += '<div id="d' + this.obj + nodeId + '" class="clip" style="display:' + ((this.root.id == node.pid || node._io) ? 'block' : 'none') + ';">';

  str += this.addNode(node);

  str += '</div>';

 }

 this.aIndent.pop();

 return str;

};

 

// Adds the empty and line icons

dTree.prototype.indent = function(node, nodeId) {

 var str = '';

 if (this.root.id != node.pid) {

  for (var n=0; n<this.aIndent.length; n++)

   str += '<img src="' + ( (this.aIndent[n] == 1 && this.config.useLines) ? this.icon.line : this.icon.empty ) + '" alt="" />';

  (node._ls) ? this.aIndent.push(0) : this.aIndent.push(1);

  if (node._hc) {

   str += '<a href="javascript: ' + this.obj + '.o(' + nodeId + ');"><img id="j' + this.obj + nodeId + '" src="';

   if (!this.config.useLines) str += (node._io) ? this.icon.nlMinus : this.icon.nlPlus;

   else str += ( (node._io) ? ((node._ls && this.config.useLines) ? this.icon.minusBottom : this.icon.minus) : ((node._ls && this.config.useLines) ? this.icon.plusBottom : this.icon.plus ) );

   str += '" alt="" /></a>';

  } else str += '<img src="' + ( (this.config.useLines) ? ((node._ls) ? this.icon.joinBottom : this.icon.join ) : this.icon.empty) + '" alt="" />';

 }

 return str;

};

 

// Checks if a node has any children and if it is the last sibling

dTree.prototype.setCS = function(node) {

 var lastId;

 for (var n=0; n<this.aNodes.length; n++) {

  if (this.aNodes[n].pid == node.id) node._hc = true;

  if (this.aNodes[n].pid == node.pid) lastId = this.aNodes[n].id;

 }

 if (lastId==node.id) node._ls = true;

};

 

// Returns the selected node

dTree.prototype.getSelected = function() {

 var sn = this.getCookie('cs' + this.obj);

 return (sn) ? sn : null;

};

 

// Highlights the selected node

dTree.prototype.s = function(id) {

 if (!this.config.useSelection) return;

 var cn = this.aNodes[id];

 if (cn._hc && !this.config.folderLinks) return;

 if (this.selectedNode != id) {

  if (this.selectedNode || this.selectedNode==0) {

   eOld = document.getElementById("s" + this.obj + this.selectedNode);

   eOld.className = "node";

  }

  eNew = document.getElementById("s" + this.obj + id);

  eNew.className = "nodeSel";

  this.selectedNode = id;

  if (this.config.useCookies) this.setCookie('cs' + this.obj, cn.id);

 }

};

 

// Toggle Open or close

dTree.prototype.o = function(id) {

 var cn = this.aNodes[id];

 this.nodeStatus(!cn._io, id, cn._ls);

 cn._io = !cn._io;

 if (this.config.closeSameLevel) this.closeLevel(cn);

 if (this.config.useCookies) this.updateCookie();

};

 

// Open or close all nodes

dTree.prototype.oAll = function(status) {

 for (var n=0; n<this.aNodes.length; n++) {

  if (this.aNodes[n]._hc && this.aNodes[n].pid != this.root.id) {

   this.nodeStatus(status, n, this.aNodes[n]._ls)

   this.aNodes[n]._io = status;

  }

 }

 if (this.config.useCookies) this.updateCookie();

};

 

// Opens the tree to a specific node

dTree.prototype.openTo = function(nId, bSelect, bFirst) {

 if (!bFirst) {

  for (var n=0; n<this.aNodes.length; n++) {

   if (this.aNodes[n].id == nId) {

    nId=n;

    break;

   }

  }

 }

 var cn=this.aNodes[nId];

 if (cn.pid==this.root.id || !cn._p) return;

 cn._io = true;

 cn._is = bSelect;

 if (this.completed && cn._hc) this.nodeStatus(true, cn._ai, cn._ls);

 if (this.completed && bSelect) this.s(cn._ai);

 else if (bSelect) this._sn=cn._ai;

 this.openTo(cn._p._ai, false, true);

};

 

// Closes all nodes on the same level as certain node

dTree.prototype.closeLevel = function(node) {

 for (var n=0; n<this.aNodes.length; n++) {

  if (this.aNodes[n].pid == node.pid && this.aNodes[n].id != node.id && this.aNodes[n]._hc) {

   this.nodeStatus(false, n, this.aNodes[n]._ls);

   this.aNodes[n]._io = false;

   this.closeAllChildren(this.aNodes[n]);

  }

 }

}

 

// Closes all children of a node

dTree.prototype.closeAllChildren = function(node) {

 for (var n=0; n<this.aNodes.length; n++) {

  if (this.aNodes[n].pid == node.id && this.aNodes[n]._hc) {

   if (this.aNodes[n]._io) this.nodeStatus(false, n, this.aNodes[n]._ls);

   this.aNodes[n]._io = false;

   this.closeAllChildren(this.aNodes[n]);  

  }

 }

}

 

// Change the status of a node(open or closed)

dTree.prototype.nodeStatus = function(status, id, bottom) {

 eDiv = document.getElementById('d' + this.obj + id);

 eJoin = document.getElementById('j' + this.obj + id);

 if (this.config.useIcons) {

  eIcon = document.getElementById('i' + this.obj + id);

  eIcon.src = (status) ? this.aNodes[id].iconOpen : this.aNodes[id].icon;

 }

 eJoin.src = (this.config.useLines)?

 ((status)?((bottom)?this.icon.minusBottom:this.icon.minus):((bottom)?this.icon.plusBottom:this.icon.plus)):

 ((status)?this.icon.nlMinus:this.icon.nlPlus);

 eDiv.style.display = (status) ? 'block': 'none';

};

 

 

// [Cookie] Clears a cookie

dTree.prototype.clearCookie = function() {

 var now = new Date();

 var yesterday = new Date(now.getTime() - 1000 * 60 * 60 * 24);

 this.setCookie('co'+this.obj, 'cookieValue', yesterday);

 this.setCookie('cs'+this.obj, 'cookieValue', yesterday);

};

 

// [Cookie] Sets value in a cookie

dTree.prototype.setCookie = function(cookieName, cookieValue, expires, path, domain, secure) {

 document.cookie =

  escape(cookieName) + '=' + escape(cookieValue)

  + (expires ? '; expires=' + expires.toGMTString() : '')

  + (path ? '; path=' + path : '')

  + (domain ? '; domain=' + domain : '')

  + (secure ? '; secure' : '');

};

 

// [Cookie] Gets a value from a cookie

dTree.prototype.getCookie = function(cookieName) {

 var cookieValue = '';

 var posName = document.cookie.indexOf(escape(cookieName) + '=');

 if (posName != -1) {

  var posValue = posName + (escape(cookieName) + '=').length;

  var endPos = document.cookie.indexOf(';', posValue);

  if (endPos != -1) cookieValue = unescape(document.cookie.substring(posValue, endPos));

  else cookieValue = unescape(document.cookie.substring(posValue));

 }

 return (cookieValue);

};

 

// [Cookie] Returns ids of open nodes as a string

dTree.prototype.updateCookie = function() {

 var str = '';

 for (var n=0; n<this.aNodes.length; n++) {

  if (this.aNodes[n]._io && this.aNodes[n].pid != this.root.id) {

   if (str) str += '.';

   str += this.aNodes[n].id;

  }

 }

 this.setCookie('co' + this.obj, str);

};

 

// [Cookie] Checks if a node id is in a cookie

dTree.prototype.isOpen = function(id) {

 var aOpen = this.getCookie('co' + this.obj).split('.');

 for (var n=0; n<aOpen.length; n++)

  if (aOpen[n] == id) return true;

 return false;

};

 

// If Push and pop is not implemented by the browser

if (!Array.prototype.push) {

 Array.prototype.push = function array_push() {

  for(var i=0;i<arguments.length;i++)

   this[this.length]=arguments[i];

  return this.length;

 }

};

if (!Array.prototype.pop) {

 Array.prototype.pop = function array_pop() {

  lastElement = this[this.length-1];

  this.length = Math.max(this.length-1,0);

  return lastElement;

 }

};




<script type="text/javascript" src="dtree.js"></script>

......

<script type='text/javascript'>
a = new dTree('a');
a.config.folderLinks=false;
a.config.useCookies=false;
a.add(0,-1,'分类名称',"javascript: void(0);");
a.add(1000, 0,'宪法类',"javascript:void(0);");
a.add(1010, 1000,'宪法',"javascript:setE('宪法');");
a.add(2000, 0,'民法商法类',"javascript:void(0);");
a.add(2010, 2000,'总类',"javascript:setE('总类');");
document.write(a);
</script>  

-------------------------- 

a.add(0,-1,'分类名称',"javascript: void(0);"); -----这句是根结点

之后的第一列为本身结点的ID,第二列为父结点ID,之后的名字为本身结点的显示名称,最后是点击子结点的动作。

TREE一般是弹出式,从子窗口往父窗口传内容。




<script language="JavaScript">
        function setE(id,pid,name,pname)
        {
                         opener.form1.type2.value = id;
                         opener.form1.type2_temp.value = name;
                         opener.form1.type1.value = pid;
                         opener.form1.type1_temp.value = pname;
                         window.close();
        }
</script>

关键是opener参数,表示父窗口的document。




response.setHeader("Cache-Control","no-stored");
response.setHeader("Pragma","no-cache");
response.setDateHeader("Expires",0);

pageexpires.jsp:

<%
response.setHeader("Cache-Control","no-stored");
response.setHeader("Pragma","no-cache");
response.setDateHeader("Expires",0);
%>

每个网页里包含上段内容即可.




  < SCRIPT language=JavaScript>
  dayObj=new Date();  monthStr=dayObj.getMonth()+1;  if(dayObj.getYear()<99)year2000=2000+dayObj.getYear();  else year2000=dayObj.getYear();  document.write("今天是"+year2000+"年"+monthStr+"月"+dayObj.getDate()+"日"+" ");  if(dayObj.getDay()==1) document.write("星期一");  if(dayObj.getDay()==2) document.write("星期二");  if(dayObj.getDay()==3) document.write("星期三");  if(dayObj.getDay()==4) document.write("星期四");  if(dayObj.getDay()==5) document.write("星期五");  if(dayObj.getDay()==6) document.write("星期六");  if(dayObj.getDay()==0) document.write("星期天");  today=new Date();  
  < /SCRIPT>



工作流主要包括引擎和定义两部分,现有我手头的工作流过于强大复杂,太难用,想建立一套轻量级的工作流引擎,定义部分暂时可以放着,XML文件可以手写,该引擎主要面向开发人员,实际上客户也没几个人会想到自己去定义工作流程。

该引擎的目标用户:系统开发人员。

特点:简单、易于实施的轻量级工作流引擎,流程定义按规范手工完成。

这好比Apache Jakarta下的Tubine和Struts,Tubine先有好几年,但由于难于使用,一直推广不开,Struts简单易用,功能也不错,虽然一开始赶不上前者,但学习成本很低,使用者众,众人一起努力,水涨船高,所以越来越流行。

对于软件,易用性永远摆在第一位的!