本宣言由无国际记者组织(Reporters Without Borders )和欧洲安全与合作组织(Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe) 联合发布,请各位网络使用者相互转载传阅
Declaration for a Free Internet
自由网络宣言
1. Any law about the flow of information online must be anchored in the right to freedom of expression as defined in Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
任何关于在线信息流通的法律都应该遵循国际人权宣言第19条对于人权自由的定义。
2. In a democratic and open society it is up to the citizens to decide what they wish to access and view on the Internet. Filtering or rating of online content by governments is unacceptable. Filters should only be installed by Internet users themselves. Any policy of filtering, be it at a national or local level, conflicts with the principle of free flow of information.
一个民主和开放的社会都应允许其公民根据自己的意愿自行决定获取和浏览网络资讯。政府不应对网络内容进行定级和过滤。过滤权只由网络使用者所有。任何跟过滤有关的政策,无论国家或地方标准,都与网络信息自由流通原则相抵触。
3. Any requirement to register websites with governmental authorities is not acceptable. Unlike licensing scarce resources such as broadcasting frequencies, an abundant infrastructure like the Internet does not justify official assignment of licenses. On the contrary, mandatory registration of online publications might stifle the free exchange of ideas, opinions, and information on the Internet.
任何要求网站向政府当局注册的要求都是不能接受的。跟因资源稀缺而不得不通过颁发许可证以实现合理配置的广播频率不同,丰富的网络基础资源无需通过官方特许。相反,在线出版的强制性注册将会压制观念、思想、信息在网络上的自由交流。
4. A technical service provider must not be held responsible for the mere conduit or hosting of content unless the hosting provider refuses to obey a court ruling. A decision on whether a website is legal or illegal can only be taken by a judge, not by a service provider. Such proceedings should guarantee transparency, accountability and the right to appeal.
技术服务提供者无需为其提供架设和集合服务的内容负责,除非其拒绝履行法庭裁决。网络是否违法应由法官而非服务提供者来裁决,相关行为应足够透明、负责且允许上诉。
5. All Internet content should be subject to the legislation of the country of its origin (”upload rule”) and not to the legislation of the country where it is downloaded.
所有网络内容应遵循源发国法律(“上传规则”),而非下载所在地国家的法律。
6. The Internet combines various types of media, and new publishing tools such as blogging are developing. Internet writers and online journalists should be legally protected under the basic principle of the right to freedom of expression and the complementary rights of privacy and protection of sources.
网络集合了多种媒体,新的出版工具如博客正在发展壮大。网络作者和在线记者应在言论自由的原则下获得法律保护以及配套的隐私权和来源保护。
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